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成都新都建设银行网站,wordpress自定义排版,自助手机网站建站软件,新网站制作平台什么是Java的SPISPI和API的区别实现过程什么是Java的SPIJava SPI#xff08;‌Service Provider Interface#xff09;‌是一种服务提供界面#xff0c;‌它是Java提供的一种服务发现和加载机制#xff0c;‌允许开发者为接口定义多种实现#xff0c;‌并在运行时动态地发…什么是Java的SPISPI和API的区别实现过程什么是Java的SPIJava SPI‌Service Provider Interface‌是一种服务提供界面‌它是Java提供的一种服务发现和加载机制‌允许开发者为接口定义多种实现‌并在运行时动态地发现和加载这些实现。‌Java SPI机制的核心在于它提供了一种方式‌使得服务提供者可以根据SPI的约定‌为某个接口提供具体的实现类。‌这些实现类被放置在特定的位置‌如META-INF/services目录下‌并通过配置文件指定。‌当需要使用这些服务时‌Java运行时环境能够自动扫描这些目录‌找到并加载相应的实现类‌从而实现服务的动态发现和加载。‌Java SPI的主要用途包括‌服务提供者可以在不修改业务代码的情况下‌为框架或库提供扩展点。‌允许在运行时动态地插入或更换组件实现‌鼓励松耦合的设计原则。‌允许第三方扩展和替换核心库中的组件‌丰富了Java生态‌为开发者提供了极大的灵活性。‌在Java中‌SPI被广泛应用于各种框架和库的扩展‌如Servlet容器初始化、‌类型转换、‌日志记录等场景。‌通过SPI机制‌Java应用程序可以在不修改业务代码的情况下‌轻松地集成和使用第三方提供的服务实现‌从而提高了软件的可扩展性和可维护性SPI和API的区别SPI和API的主要区别在于它们的定义方式、‌调用方式、‌灵活性、‌依赖关系以及用途。‌定义方式‌API是由开发者主动编写并公开给其他开发者使用的‌而SPI是由框架或库提供方定义的接口‌供第三方开发者实现。‌调用方式‌API通过直接调用接口的方法来使用功能‌而SPI是通过配置文件来指定具体的实现类‌然后由框架或库自动加载和调用。‌灵活性‌API的实现类必须在编译时就确定‌无法动态替换‌而SPI的实现类可以在运行时根据配置文件的内容进行动态加载和替换。‌依赖关系‌API是被调用方依赖的‌即应用程序需要引入API所在的库才能使用其功能‌而SPI是调用方依赖的‌即框架或库需要引入第三方实现类的库才能加载和调用。‌用途‌API通常用于描述库、‌框架、‌操作系统、‌服务等对外提供的编程接口‌开发者通过API调用相应的功能来实现自己的应用程序。‌而SPI定义了一种插件式的架构‌允许开发者定义接口‌并通过服务提供者来提供不同的实现‌主要目的是允许系统在运行时发现和加载具体的服务提供者‌从而实现动态扩展和替换功能的能力。‌综上所述‌API是一种规范‌描述了如何与一个组件进行交互‌而SPI则是一种机制‌用于动态地发现和加载实现了特定接口的组件。‌实现过程0.目录结构sa-auth 父工程 -- sa-auth-bus 业务工程 -- sa-auth-plugin 定义SPI接口的工程 -- sa-auth-plugin-ldap 模拟第三方库的实现工程1.idea创建名为sa-auth 的pom 项目pom 如下?xml version1.0 encodingUTF-8? projectxmlnshttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0xmlns:xsihttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:schemaLocationhttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd modelVersion4.0.0/modelVersion parent groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId artifactIdspring-boot-starter-parent/artifactId version2.1.16.RELEASE/version /parent groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth/artifactId version0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/version namecs-auth/name packagingpom/packaging descriptioncs-auth/description properties java.version1.8/java.version project.build.sourceEncodingUTF-8/project.build.sourceEncoding maven.compiler.compilerVersion1.8/maven.compiler.compilerVersion /properties modules modulecs-auth-plugin/module modulecs-auth-bus/module modulecs-auth-plugin-ldap/module /modules dependencyManagement dependencies dependency groupIdorg.projectlombok/groupId artifactIdlombok/artifactId version1.18.20/version /dependency dependency groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth-plugin/artifactId version0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/version /dependency /dependencies /dependencyManagement /project2.然后创建sa-auth-pluginpom 如下?xml version1.0 encodingUTF-8? projectxmlnshttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0xmlns:xsihttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:schemaLocationhttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd modelVersion4.0.0/modelVersion parent groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth/artifactId version0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/version relativePath../pom.xml/relativePath /parent artifactIdcs-auth-plugin/artifactId namecs-auth-plugin/name descriptioncs-auth-plugin/description /project3.sa-auth-buspom 如下?xml version1.0 encodingUTF-8? projectxmlnshttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0xmlns:xsihttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:schemaLocationhttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd modelVersion4.0.0/modelVersion parent groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth/artifactId version0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/version relativePath../pom.xml/relativePath /parent artifactIdcs-auth-bus/artifactId namecs-auth-bus/name descriptioncs-auth-bus/description dependencies dependency groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId artifactIdspring-boot-starter/artifactId /dependency dependency groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId artifactIdspring-boot-starter-test/artifactId scopetest/scope /dependency dependency groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth-plugin/artifactId /dependency dependency groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId artifactIdspring-boot-starter-web/artifactId /dependency dependency groupIdorg.projectlombok/groupId artifactIdlombok/artifactId /dependency /dependencies build resources resource directorysrc/main/resources/directory filteringtrue/filtering /resource /resources plugins plugin groupIdorg.springframework.boot/groupId artifactIdspring-boot-maven-plugin/artifactId version2.1.1.RELEASE/version executions execution goals goalrepackage/goal /goals /execution /executions /plugin /plugins /build /project4.sa-auth-plugin-ldappom如下?xml version1.0 encodingUTF-8? projectxmlnshttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0xmlns:xsihttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance xsi:schemaLocationhttp://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd modelVersion4.0.0/modelVersion parent groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth/artifactId version0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/version relativePath../pom.xml/relativePath /parent artifactIdcs-auth-plugin-ldap/artifactId namecs-auth-plugin/name descriptioncs-auth-plugin-ldap/description dependencies dependency groupIdcom.vijay/groupId artifactIdcs-auth-plugin/artifactId /dependency /dependencies /project5.创建好的项目结构如下6.打开sa-auth-plugin定义SPI接口package com.vijay.csauthplugin.service; /** * 插件SPI接口 * * author vijay */ publicinterfaceAuthPluginService{ /** * 登录认证 * * param userName 用户名 * param password 密码 * return 认证结果 */ booleanlogin(String userName, String password); /** * AuthPluginService Name which for conveniently find AuthPluginService instance. * * return AuthServiceName mark a AuthPluginService instance. */ String getAuthServiceName(); }7.cs-auth-plugin-ldap 中实现SPI的接口并且打成jar包模拟外部提供的插件jar包1.实现引入的cs-auth-plug包的SPI接口package com.vijay.csauthplugin.ldap;package com.vijay.csauthplugin.ldap; import com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService; /** * author vijay */ publicclassLdapProviderImplimplementsAuthPluginService{ Override publicbooleanlogin(String userName, String password){ returnvijay.equals(userName) 123456.equals(password); } Override public String getAuthServiceName(){ returnLdapProvider; } }2.resources目录下创建META-INF/services目录并在目录下创建一个名为SPI接口类的全路径限定名com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService的文件文件中写入LdapProviderImpl实现类的全路径限定名com.vijay.csauthplugin.ldap.LdapProviderImpl3.cs-auth-plugin-ldap打包成jar包8.打开cs-auth-plugin-bus1.项目下创建plugin包添加一个插件的默认实现DefaultProviderImplpackage com.vijay.bus.plugin; import com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService; /** * 默认插件实现 * * author vijay */ publicclassDefaultProviderImplimplementsAuthPluginService{ Override publicbooleanlogin(String userName, String password){ returnvijay.equals(userName) 123456.equals(password); } Override public String getAuthServiceName(){ returnDefaultProvider; } }2.resources目录下创建META-INF/services目录并在目录下创建一个名为SPI接口类全路径限定名的文件com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService文件内容为DefaultProviderImpl全路径限定名com.vijay.bus.plugin.DefaultProviderImpl.自定义类加载器package com.vijay.bus.plugin; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLClassLoader; /** * 自定义类加载器 * * author vijay */ publicclassPluginClassLoaderextendsURLClassLoader{ publicPluginClassLoader(URL[] urls){ super(urls); } /** * param url 路径 */ publicvoidaddzURL(URL url){ super.addURL(url); } }4.定义一个加载外部jar包的类package com.vijay.bus.plugin; import java.io.File; import java.net.URL; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Objects; /** * 加载指定目录jar包 * author vijay */ publicclassExternalJarLoader{ /** * 加载外部jia包 * * param externalDirPath jar包目录 */ publicstaticvoidloadExternalJars(String externalDirPath){ File dir new File(externalDirPath); if (!dir.exists() || !dir.isDirectory()) { thrownew IllegalArgumentException(Invalid directory path); } ListURL urls new ArrayList(); File[] listFiles dir.listFiles(); if (Objects.nonNull(listFiles) listFiles.length 0) { ClassLoader contextClassLoader Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(); try { for (File file : listFiles) { if (file.getName().endsWith(.jar)) { urls.add(file.toURI().toURL()); } } PluginClassLoader customClassLoader new PluginClassLoader(urls.toArray(new URL[0])); Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(customClassLoader); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(contextClassLoader); } } } }5.启动类中添加类加载器package com.vijay.bus; import com.vijay.bus.plugin.ExternalJarLoader; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * author vijay */ SpringBootApplication publicclassCsAuthBusApplication{ publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){ String jarPath/Users/vijay/Downloads/build/plugin; ExternalJarLoader.loadExternalJars(jarPath); SpringApplication.run(CsAuthBusApplication.class, args); } }6.创建插件提供者类PluginProvider提供实现类供springboot注入package com.vijay.bus.plugin; import com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService; import java.util.ServiceLoader; /** * 插件提供者 * * author vijay */ publicclassPluginProvider{ /** * 提供一个插件供注入(默认返回外部目录的插件,外部目录没有插件时返回默认插件) * * return 具体的插件实现 */ publicstatic AuthPluginService getAuthPluginService(){ ServiceLoaderAuthPluginService defaultLoad ServiceLoader.load(AuthPluginService.class); AuthPluginService plugin null; for (AuthPluginService authPluginService : defaultLoad) { if (authPluginService instanceof DefaultProviderImpl) { plugin authPluginService; } else { return authPluginService; } } return plugin; } }7.项目下创建conf包注入实现类到springbootpackage com.vijay.bus.conf; import com.vijay.bus.plugin.PluginProvider; import com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * author vijay */ Configuration publicclassPluginConfig{ Bean public AuthPluginService authPluginService(){ return PluginProvider.getAuthPluginService(); } }8.项目下创建controller包定义controller接口调用测试package com.vijay.bus.controller; import com.vijay.csauthplugin.service.AuthPluginService; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; /** * author vijay */ RestController publicclassTestController{ Resource private AuthPluginService authPluginService; GetMapping(test) public Object test(){ returnnew HashMap() {{ put(name, authPluginService.getAuthServiceName()); put(login, authPluginService.login(vijay, 123456)); }}; } }完整结构9.请求接口测试实现此时返回为默认实现把cs-auth-plugin-ldap项目模拟的第三方包放到外部jar包加载目录重新启动项目后发起请求实现已经是模拟的jar的实现