操作文件和文件夹是程序开发中常用，无论是C/S和B/S都会存在操作文件的需求，比如上传新闻图片按日期创建文件夹，用文本文件存储用户信息等。下面介绍28种文件操作的方法，希望对大家的开发有所帮助
1.创建文件夹
//using System.IO;Directory.CreateDirectory(path);2.创建文件
//using System.IO;File.Create(path);3.删除文件
//using System.IO;File.Delete(path);4.删除文件夹
//using System.IO;Directory.Delete(path);5.删除一个目录下所有的文件夹
//using System.IO;foreach (string dirStr in Directory.GetDirectories(path)){ DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(dirStr); ArrayList folders=new ArrayList(); FileSystemInfo[] fileArr = dir.GetFileSystemInfos();for (int i = 0; i < folders.Count; i++) { FileInfo f = folders[i] as FileInfo;if (f == null) { DirectoryInfo d = folders[i] as DirectoryInfo; d.Delete(); } }}6.清空文件夹
//using System.IO;Directory.Delete(path,true);Directory.CreateDirectory(path);7.读取文件
//using System.IO;StreamReader s = File.OpenText(path1);string str2 = null;while ((str2 = s.ReadLine()) != null){ }s.Close();8.写入文件
//using System.IO;FileInfo f = new FileInfo(str);StreamWriter w = f.CreateText();w.WriteLine(ReadOnlySpan);w.Close();9.写入随机文件
//using System.IO;byte[] dataArray = new byte[100000];//new Random().NextBytes(dataArray);using(FileStream FileStream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create)){// Write the data to the file, byte by byte.for(int i = 0; i < dataArray.Length; i++){ FileStream.WriteByte(dataArray[i]); }// Set the stream position to the beginning of the file. FileStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);// Read and verify the data.for(int i = 0; i < FileStream.Length; i++){if(dataArray[i] != FileStream.ReadByte()){ //写入数据错误return; } }//"数据流"+FileStream.Name+"已验证"}10.读取文件属性
//using System.IO;FileInfo f = new FileInfo(path);//f.CreationTime,f.FullNameif((f.Attributes & FileAttributes.ReadOnly) != 0){ path2}else{ path3}11.写入属性
//using System.IO;FileInfo f = new FileInfo(path);//设置只读f.Attributes = myFile.Attributes | FileAttributes.ReadOnly;//设置可写f.Attributes = myFile.Attributes & ~FileAttributes.ReadOnly; 12.枚举一个文件夹中的所有文件夹//using System.IO;foreach (string path2 in Directory.GetDirectories(path)){ path3}13.复制文件夹
string path = (path2.LastIndexOf("\") == path2.Length - 1) ? path2 : path2+"\";string parent = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);Directory.CreateDirectory(path + Path.GetFileName(path));DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo((path.LastIndexOf("\") ==path.Length - 1) ? path1 : path1 + "\");FileSystemInfo[] fileArr = dir.GetFileSystemInfos();Queue<FileSystemInfo> Folders = new Queue<FileSystemInfo>(dir.GetFileSystemInfos());while (Folders.Count>0){ FileSystemInfo tmp = Folders.Dequeue(); FileInfo f = tmp as FileInfo;if (f == null) { DirectoryInfo d = tmp as DirectoryInfo; Directory.CreateDirectory(d.FullName.Replace((parent.LastIndexOf("\") == parent.Length - 1) ? parent : parent + "\", path));foreach (FileSystemInfo fi in d.GetFileSystemInfos()) { Folders.Enqueue(fi); } }else { f.CopyTo(f.FullName.Replace(parent, path)); }}14.复制目录下所有的文件夹到另一个文件夹下
DirectoryInfo d = new DirectoryInfo(path);foreach (DirectoryInfo dirs in d.GetDirectories()){ Queue<FileSystemInfo> al = new Queue<FileSystemInfo>(dirs.GetFileSystemInfos());while (al.Count > 0) { FileSystemInfo temp = al.Dequeue(); FileInfo file = temp as FileInfo;if (file == null) { DirectoryInfo directory = temp as DirectoryInfo; Directory.CreateDirectory(path + directory.Name);foreach (FileSystemInfo fsi in directory.GetFileSystemInfos()) al.Enqueue(fsi); }else File.Copy(file.FullName, path + file.Name); }}15.移动文件夹
string filename = Path.GetFileName(path); string path=(path2.LastIndexOf("\") == path2.Length - 1) ? path2 : path2 + "\";if (Path.GetPathRoot(path) == Path.GetPathRoot(path2)) Directory.Move(path, path + filename);else { string parent = Path.GetDirectoryName(path); Directory.CreateDirectory(path + Path.GetFileName(path1)); DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo((path.LastIndexOf("\") == path1.Length - 1) ? path1 : path1 + "\"); FileSystemInfo[] fileArr = dir.GetFileSystemInfos(); Queue<FileSystemInfo> Folders = new Queue<FileSystemInfo>(dir.GetFileSystemInfos());while (Folders.Count > 0) { FileSystemInfo tmp = Folders.Dequeue(); FileInfo f = tmp as FileInfo;if (f == null) { DirectoryInfo d = tmp as DirectoryInfo; DirectoryInfo dpath = new DirectoryInfo(d.FullName.Replace((parent.LastIndexOf("\") == parent.Length - 1) ? parent : parent + "\", path)); dpath.Create();foreach (FileSystemInfo fi in d.GetFileSystemInfos()) { Folders.Enqueue(fi); } }else { f.MoveTo(f.FullName.Replace(parent, path)); } } Directory.Delete(path, true); }16.移动目录下所有的文件夹到另一个目录下
string filename = Path.GetFileName(path);if (Path.GetPathRoot(path) == Path.GetPathRoot(path2))foreach (string dir in Directory.GetDirectories(path1)) Directory.Move(dir, Path.Combine(path2,filename));else {foreach (string dir2 in Directory.GetDirectories(path1)) { string parent = Path.GetDirectoryName(dir2); Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(path2, Path.GetFileName(dir2))); string dir = (dir2.LastIndexOf("\") == dir2.Length - 1) ? dir2 : dir2 + "\"; DirectoryInfo dirdir = new DirectoryInfo(dir); FileSystemInfo[] fileArr = dirdir.GetFileSystemInfos(); Queue<FileSystemInfo> Folders = new Queue<FileSystemInfo>(dirdir.GetFileSystemInfos());while (Folders.Count > 0) { FileSystemInfo tmp = Folders.Dequeue(); FileInfo f = tmp as FileInfo;if (f == null) { DirectoryInfo d = tmp as DirectoryInfo; DirectoryInfo dpath = new DirectoryInfo(d.FullName.Replace((parent.LastIndexOf("\") == parent.Length - 1) ? parent : parent + "\", path2)); dpath.Create();foreach (FileSystemInfo fi in d.GetFileSystemInfos()) { Folders.Enqueue(fi); } }else { f.MoveTo(f.FullName.Replace(parent, path2)); } } dirdir.Delete(true); } }18.复制文件
//using System.IO;File.Copy(path1,path2);19.复制一个文件夹下所有的文件到另一个目录
//using System.IO;foreach (string fileStr in Directory.GetFiles(path1)) File.Copy((path1.LastIndexOf("\") == path1.Length - 1) ? path1 +Path.GetFileName(fileStr): path1 + "\"+Path.GetFileName(fileStr),(path2.LastIndexOf("\\") == path2.Length - 1) ? path2 +Path.GetFileName(fileStr): path2 + "\"+Path.GetFileName(fileStr));20.提取扩展名
//using System.IO;string path2=Path.GetExtension(path1);21.提取文件名
//using System.IO;string path2=Path.GetFileName(path1);22.提取文件路径
//using System.IO;string path2=Path.GetDirectoryName(path1);23.替换扩展名
//using System.IO;File.ChangeExtension(path1,path2);24.追加路径
//using System.IO;string path3=Path.Combine(path1,path2);25.移动文件
//using System.IO;File.Move(path1,path2+"\"+file.getname(path1));26.移动一个文件夹下所有文件到另一个目录
foreach (string fileStr in Directory.GetFiles(path1)) File.Move((path1.LastIndexOf("\") == path1.Length - 1) ? path1 +Path.GetFileName(fileStr): path1 + "\"+Path.GetFileName(fileStr),(path2.LastIndexOf("\\") == path2.Length - 1) ? path2 +Path.GetFileName(fileStr): path2 + "\"+Path.GetFileName(fileStr));27.指定目录下搜索文件
string fileName=path1;string dirName=path2; DirectoryInfo dirc=new DirectoryInfo(dirName);foreach(FileInfo file in dirc.GetFiles()) {if(file.Name.IndexOf(fileName)>-1)return file.FullName; }foreach(DirectoryInfo dir in dirc.GetDirectories()) { return GetFile(fileName,dir.FullName); }return"找不到指定的文件"; }28.获得当前路径
string path=Environment.CurrentDirectory;你还有哪些文件操作的方法，欢迎留言。
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